the effect of adipokines secreted from adipose tissue on immune function in obese subjects

obesity is characterized as a state of systemic low-grade inflammation suggesting a link between metabolism and immune function. obesity has been shown to predispose individuals to an increased risk of many diseases.since 1980s, a threefold increase in obesity has been reported in much of the world.obesity is a result of energy imbalance. one of the components that control energy balance is adipocyts metabolism that secrets adipokines. many of the receptors for these adipokines are expressed on immune cells, providing a route of direct impact on immune cell function. also the role of adipose tissue on immune system was determined by some cytokines that were secreted by adipocytes and called adipokines this means that adipose tissue is not only use for energy store but also is a endocrine organ in body. these adipokines are leptin,adiponectin, resistin and visfatin. leptin reduces food intake. adiponectin increases fatty acid oxidation and reduces glucose synthesis in liver. also has a function on inflammation and immune components. resistin has an anti insulin function , also resistin is in adipocytes , macrophages and other cells and has a role in inflammation condition in body. visfatin mimics insulin behavior. it appears that effect of obesity on immunity has two edeges role because leptin attenuates immune system and also increases inflammation and adiponectin reinforces immunity. keywords: obesity, immune system, adipokine, leptin, resistin, visfatin